[135] Elections are also used to control elites within the dictatorship by requiring them to compete with one another and incentivizing them to build support with the populace, allowing the most popular and most competent elites to be promoted in the regime. As the dictatorship becomes more established, it moves away from violence by resorting to the use of other coercive measures, such as restricting people's access to information and tracking the political opposition. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Create your account. Nazi Germany under Hitler and the Soviet Union under Stalin are the leading examples of modern totalitarian dictatorships. A dictatorship is an authoritarian style of government in which one leader has complete control over the country. A dictatorship is a form of government where one person, or a small group of individuals, can make decisions without effective constitutional limitations. While a dictatorship is a form of government in some nations, just as monarchy or representative democracy is the form of government in others, dictatorships are seen by non-dictatorships as dangerous and cruel because of the way they tend to treat their citizens. Democracy Features & Examples | What is a Democratic Country? Displaying 1 - 20 of 68 articles. Approximately ten percent of the countries in the world today are considered dictatorships. Origin 1540-1580 Middle English < Latin dicttor (dictator + ship) What is a Dictatorship Articles on Dictatorship. BNP Secretary General Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir has called on the people, especially the workers, to stand up against the government. [107] The development of the internet and digital communication in the 21st century have prompted dictatorships to shift from traditional means of control to digital ones, including the use of artificial intelligence to analyze mass communications, internet censorship to restrict the flow of information, and troll farms to manipulate public opinion. A dictatorship is a type of government in which a single personthe dictatoror party has absolute power. [64][65][66], Dictatorship developed as a major form of government in the 19th century, though the concept was not universally seen pejoratively at the time, with both a tyrannical concept and a quasi-constitutional concept of dictatorship understood to exist. Send us feedback about these examples. Synonyms: Caesarism , Stalinism , absolutism , authoritarianism , despotism , monocracy , one-man rule , shogunate , totalitarianism , tyranny Types: police state a country that maintains repressive . [116] Dictatorships in the Middle East are primarily guided by Islamic nationalism. Dictators make unilateral decisions that affect their countries without having to consult any other branch of government. [143], Terrorism is less common in dictatorships. [126] A military coup is often carried out when a regime is threatening the country's stability or during periods of societal unrest. [14], Unless they have undertaken a self-coup, those seizing power typically have little governmental experience and do not have a detailed policy plan in advance. They are more likely to end in violence and less likely to democratize than other forms of dictatorship. Rule by dictator. They usually allied themselves with a particular social class, and attempted either to maintain the interests of wealthy and privileged elites or to institute far-reaching left-wing social reforms. The government was described as a dictatorship of the proletariat in which power was exercised by soviets. A dictatorship is a form of government where one person, or a small group of individuals, can make decisions without effective constitutional limitations. [68] The Spanish American wars of independence took place in the early-19th century, creating many new Latin American governments. Meaning of Dictatorship. Many of these governments fell under the control of caudillos, or personalist dictators. [115], The Middle East and Northern Africa did not undergo liberalization during the third wave of democratisation, and most countries in this region remain dictatorships in the 21st century. A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, who hold governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. On paper, Russia is a federal democratic state. These dictators may view themselves as impartial in their oversight of a country due to their nonpartisan status, and they may view themselves as "guardians of the state". Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler and the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin were the leading examples of such modern totalitarian dictatorships. Politics in a dictatorship are controlled by the dictator and they are facilitated through an inner circle of elites that includes advisers, generals, and other high-ranking officials. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. See examples of ancient and modern dictatorships. Omissions? Speaking on May Day, he said, "Today our working-class . Military dictatorships are controlled by military officers, one-party dictatorships are controlled by the leadership of a political party, and personalist dictatorships are controlled by a single individual. Dictatorship means that system of Government which rests on a single person and that is of high authoritarianism. The crucial elements of both were the identification of the state with a single mass party and of the party with its charismatic leader, the use of an official ideology to legitimize and maintain the regime, the use of terror and propaganda to suppress dissent and stifle opposition, and the use of modern science and technology to control the economy and individual behaviour. Many are noted for their cruelty, while others are honored as national heroes. Mao established the People's Republic of China as a one-party communist state under his governing ideology of Maoism. Power is enforced through a steadfast collaboration between the government and a highly developed ideology. In an essay of about two to three paragraphs, define dictatorship and explain how a dictator can rise to power. [73] During World War II, Italy and Germany occupied several countries in Europe, imposing fascist puppet states upon many of the countries that they invaded. The 20th century saw the rise of fascist and communist dictatorships in Europe; fascism was eradicated in the aftermath of World War II in 1945, while communism spread to other continents, maintaining prominence until the end of the Cold War in 1991. [69], In the time between World War I and World War II, several dictatorships were established in Europe through coups which were carried out by far-left and far-right movements. [20][21] They are most common in developing nations in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Organized opposition is a threat to the stability of a dictatorship, as it seeks to undermine public support for the dictator and calls for regime change. Dictatorship. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dictatorship. Corrections? The fascinating story behind many people's favori Test your vocabulary with our 10-question quiz! The term dictatorship comes from the Latin title dictator, which in the Roman Republic designated a temporary magistrate who was granted extraordinary powers in order to deal with state crises. Rule by dictators has taken several different forms. Monarchies may be dynastic, in which the royal family serves as a ruling institution similar to a political party in a one-party state, or they may be non-dynastic, in which the monarch rules independently of the royal family as a personalist dictator. Industrialization produces new, differentiated elites that replace the small leadership groupings that once controlled social, economic, and political power in the society. [4] A unified inner circle has the capacity to overthrow a dictator, and the dictator must make greater concessions to the inner circle to stay in power. [142] The use of violence by a dictator is frequently most severe during the first few years of a dictatorship, because the regime has not yet solidified its rule and more detailed information for targeted coercion is not yet available. Personalist regimes diverge from other regimes when it comes to their longevity, methods of breakdown, levels of corruption, and proneness to conflicts. However, his presidency came under dispute in 2019. [48], An absolute monarchy is a monarchy in which the monarch rules without legal limitations. The dictator maintains control by influencing and appeasing the inner circle and repressing any opposition, which may include rival political parties, armed resistance, or disloyal members of the dictator's inner circle. Amy has a master's of library and information science and a master's of arts in history. Modern dictators, however, resemble ancient tyrants rather than ancient dictators. Dictatorship is a form of government characterized by the absolute rule of one person or a very small group of people who hold all political power. Dictatorships can be formed by a military coup that overthrows the previous government through force or they can be formed by a self-coup in which elected leaders make their rule permanent. [72] The societal upheaval caused by World War I and the unstable peace it produced further contributed to instability that benefited extremist movements and rallied support for their causes. A dictatorship leader is a political leader who possesses absolute power. [59] Shoguns were de facto military dictators in Japan beginning in 1185 and continuing for over six hundred years. Sovereignty Concept & Kinds | What is Sovereignty? [87] Populist movements were strengthened following the economic turmoil of the Great Depression, producing populist dictatorships in several Latin American countries. Erdogan looked pale as he sat behind a desk surrounded by Cabinet members . [73], Dictatorships in Latin America persisted into the 20th century, and further military coups established new regimes, often in the name of nationalism. [13] After power is seized, the group must determine what positions its members will hold in the new government and how this government will operate, sometimes resulting in disagreements that split the group. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has inaugurated Turkey's first nuclear power plant via video link in his first public appearance since falling ill on live TV Tuesday night. Governments classified by mode of succession, Succession by constitutional prescription, Governments classified by stage of development, Protection of political and social rights, Development and change in political systems. Dictators usually come to power through some kind of violent struggle, rather than the peaceful passage of power that we take for granted in the United States. As a result, dictatorship became one of the two dominant forms of government utilized by countries. Hours after Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaid landed in Miami after being thrown out of Colombia, I talked with him extensively about Colombian President Gustavo Petro's initiative to . [22], Military dictatorships are typically formed by a military coup in which senior officers use the military to overthrow the government. Dictatorship is an old form of government with origins in ancient Rome. In the Aristotelian classification of government, there were two forms of rule by the few: aristocracy and its debased form, oligarchy. [84] Other nationalist movements in Europe established dictatorships based on the fascist model. A dictatorship is a form of government, where one person effectively has all the power to run a country. Ruler often rises to power out of conflict, Dictators control all branches of government and the media, Intimidation, murder, imprisonment, violence and other human rights abuses are used to control the population, A cult of personality makes the ruler appear divine, Consider the factors that make a country a dictatorship, Describe the quality of life under a dictator's rule. The predominance of violent force in military training manifests in an acceptance of violence as a political tool and the ability to organize violence on a large scale. [118][119][120][121], Most dictatorships exist in countries with high levels of poverty. In democracies, the threat of a military coup is associated with the period immediately after a democracy's creation but prior to large-scale military reforms. Later 20th-century dictators in Latin America were different. He can rule on anyone,. The crucial elements of both were the identification of the state with the single mass party and of the party with its charismatic leader, the use of an official ideology to legitimize and maintain the regime, the employment of a terroristic police force and a controlled press, and the application of all the means of modern science and technology to control the economy and individual behaviour. Stability can be weakened when opposition groups grow and unify or when elites are not loyal to the regime. [141], In a dictatorship, violence is used to coerce or repress all opposition to the dictator's rule, and the strength of a dictatorship depends on its use of violence. The role of dictator was created for instances when a single leader was needed to command and restore stability. Dictatorships that fail to repress the opposition are susceptible to collapse through a coup or a revolution. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. The dictatorship was revived 120 years later by Sulla after his crushing of a populist movement, and 33 years after that by Julius Caesar. Many of the classical conditions of oligarchic rule were found until the 20th century in those parts of Asia in which governing elites were recruited exclusively from a ruling castea hereditary social grouping set apart from the rest of society by religion, kinship, economic status, prestige, and even language. With constitutional democracy, it is one of the two chief forms of government in use today. [71] The aftermath of World War I resulted in a major shift in European politics, establishing new governments, facilitating internal change in older governments, and redrawing the boundaries between countries, allowing opportunities for these movements to seize power. Absolute monarchs (kings) are another type of ruler with unlimited power. Poverty has a destabilizing effect on government, causing democracy to fail and regimes to fall more often. Allowing the opposition to have representation in the regime, such as through a legislature, further reduces the likelihood of terrorist attacks in a dictatorship. Between 1950 and 2016, one-party dictatorships made up 57% of authoritarian regimes in the world,[26] and one-party dictatorships have continued to expand more quickly than other forms of dictatorship in the latter half of the 20th century. [80] Italian dictator Benito Mussolini seized power in 1922, and began implementing reforms in 1925 to create the first fascist dictatorship. Such elites have typically exercised power to maintain the economic and political status quo. [98], During World War II, many countries of Central and Eastern Europe had been occupied by the Soviet Union. [79] Fascism developed in Europe as a rejection of liberalism, socialism, and modernism, and the first fascist political parties formed in the 1920s. In some such countries, elected presidents and prime ministers captured personal power by establishing one-party rule and suppressing the opposition, while in others the army seized power and established military dictatorships. Parties formed after the seizure of power often have little influence and only exist to serve the dictator. Question . Updates? Caudillos were often nominally constrained by a constitution, but the caudillo had the power to draft a new constitution as he wished. [82], Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party created a second fascist dictatorship in Germany in 1933,[83] obtaining absolute power through a combination of electoral victory, violence, and emergency powers. A dictatorship is a form of government where one person, or a small group of individuals, can make decisions without effective constitutional limitations. Korea experienced military dictatorships under the rule of Yeon Gaesomun in the 7th century[58] and under the rule of the Goryeo military regime in the 12th and 13th centuries. Elections also support the legitimacy of a dictatorship by presenting the image of a democracy, establishing plausible deniability of its status as a dictatorship for both the populace and foreign governments. Antonio Lpez de Santa Anna in Mexico and Juan Manuel de Rosas in Argentina are examples of such leaders. - Definition & Examples, Carl Von Clausewitz: Biography, Theory & Quotes, Small Business Project Management: Planning & Tools, Horizontal Expansion in Business: Definition & Examples, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. They are not held accountable for their actions and are free to do as they please, even limiting citizens' freedom and rights.
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