What Were The 3 Major Issues Of Reconstruction? As the Civil War came to a close, southern states began to pass a series of discriminatory state laws collectively known as black codes.While the laws varied in both content and severity from state to statesome laws actually granted freed people the right to marry or testify in court these codes were designed to maintain the social and economic structure of racial slavery in the absence . Congress decided to begin Reconstruction anew. To a considerable extent, this was the consequence of the different levels of economic development displayed by the North and South. Reconstruction made strides in helping former slaves, but failed to resolve the issue of race, and full equality. The Reconstruction implemented by Congress, which lasted from 1866 to 1877, was aimed at reorganizing the Southern states after the Civil War, providing the means for readmitting them into the Union, and defining the means by which whites and blacks could live together in a nonslave society. government ceased to intervene to protect black citizens in Asian immigrants were considered citizens before or after the 14th amendment? Underline the adjective phrases in the following sentence. Paul, from Washington, objected that Lincoln did not really expect to win the black leaders agreement to a colonization plan. a. terrain, b. extraterrestrial, c. terrarium. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. led to short-lived revolutions in the concept of citizenship Okay, first let's look at to own their own bodies and labor, but that was about it. Here's the wikipedia information on it. Increasingly, the new Southern governments looked to Washington, D.C., for assistance. Congress refused to seat the representatives and senators elected from the Southern states and in early 1866 passed the Freedmens Bureau and Civil Rights Bills. Even the American-born You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The Compromise of 1876 marked the end of Reconstruction as a distinct period, but the struggle to deal with the revolution ushered in by slaverys eradication would continue in the South and elsewhere long after that date. Legal codes that deny African Americans the right to purchase/rent land. amendments would lay the foundation for the civil rights movement Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. When historians of the defeated Confederacy reframed the rebellion as a principled assertion of states rights, their arguments were treated respectfully. They also objected to Jones claim that Abraham Lincoln did not see black and white Americans as equals, either. Were these goals accomplished? As soon as Reconstruction ended and the Southern states were allowed to do what they wanted, they imposed segregation on blacks and did all sorts of things to prevent them from voting. Their students reflect a national amnesia that took root within a generation of the exhausting fratricidal conflict. While laws were put into place to give rights to the former slaves the southerner's did not agree with them or abide by them. Johnson offered a pardon to all Southern whites except Confederate leaders and wealthy planters (although most of these subsequently received individual pardons), restoring their political rights and all property except slaves. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Match edefinition with the correct lettered vocabulary term. The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 divided the South into five military districts and outlined how new governments, based on manhood suffrage without regard to race, were to be established. It holds that Reconstruction failed because it did little for average freed slaves. After declaring emancipation, Lincoln pushed the Thirteenth Amendment through Congress, permanently ending slavery throughout the nation. Only in the 20th century But the economic program spawned corruption and rising taxes, alienating increasing numbers of white voters. Segregation was a way to ensure that racial prejudice remained ingrained in the population. Perhaps, Jody and her colleagues concluded, theyshouldask students to read the essayand help them read it critically. In the years leading up to the Civil War, with few exceptions, only white Why did Reconstruction fail? The dream of 40 acres and a mule was stillborn. , 1866. As a result of Johnsons leniency, many southern states in 1865 and 1866 successfully enacted a series of laws known as the black codes, which were designed to restrict freed Black peoples activity and ensure their availability as a labor force. money from their own work. I see this essay (by Nicole Hannah-Jones) as one of the most dangerous things I could ever give my students to read, Jody finally exclaimed. What was the main difference between Presidential and Congressional Reconstruction? This was especially so after the cotton gin made cotton a highly profitable export crop. Serving an expanded citizenry, Reconstruction governments established the Souths first state-funded public school systems, sought to strengthen the bargaining power of plantation labourers, made taxation more equitable, and outlawed racial discrimination in public transportation and accommodations. Freedmen would get basic housing and a share of the crops they grew (1/3-1/2). power of the 14th and 15th Amendments. Describe the efforts of white southern "redeemers" to roll back the gains of Reconstruction. Not until the 1960s would African American voter registration once again reach But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Corruption began as a result of racial bigotry towards African Americans. The 1867 Reconstruction acts divided the South into 5 military districts each governed by a general. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). He asked teachers enrolled in the course what ideas about the war their students brought to history class. Direct link to David Alexander's post A grandfather clause exte, Posted 2 years ago. Why didnt they have olive gardens back then. They knew that Lincoln turned toward emancipation only after concluding that freeing the enslaved would weaken the secessionist cause, ending the war and restoring the union. Reconstruction was considered a failure, both North and South. Corruption began as a result of racial bigotry towards African Americans. didn't have much of an impact in the short term, these The most obvious reason that Reconstruction was a failure can be seen if you just think about the status of African Americans in the years after Reconstruction ended. could be citizens at all. So how much did the On the whole, this was probably inevitable, as the vast majority of white Southerners remained wedded to the old ways and believed that the Confederacy was a noble cause dedicated to the protection of states' rights. or relating to or advocating supremacy of a particular group.. It was also a failure because the people directing it were unwilling to infringe on the rights of states and individuals in fear of secession once more. It saw Reconstruction as a glorious failure. It portrays freed slaves and their white allies fighting the good fight against violence and racism in the South. Reconstruction encompassed three major initiatives: restoration of the Union, transformation of southern society, and enactment of progressive legislation favoring the rights of freed slaves. They required southern states to guarantee black suffrage and they disfranchised many former confederates. Two others not scheduled to teach that week picked up the remaining sessions. Two professors, team teaching other courses, temporarily left their colleagues in charge as they covered those sessions of the planned course onCivil War and Reconstructionthat matched their expertise. White supremacist organizations that committed terrorist acts, such as the Ku Klux Klan, targeted local Republican leaders for beatings or assassination. Teaching students to carefully assess the history of American slavery requires time and patienceat a time when state-mandated tests, AP curricula, and the march of time itself push many teachers to forgo depth for breadth. For decades, most Southern Blacks remained propertyless and poor. Reason why Reconstruction failed was because it emphasized political means and civil rights first, rather than attempting at all to improve the labor and economic conditions of blacks and their means of self determination ''Rights to be secure must in the last resort rest on stronger supports than constitutions, statutes or enrolled parchments'' Shortly thereafter, Congress approved the Fourteenth Amendment, which put the principle of birthright citizenship into the Constitution and forbade states to deprive any citizen of the equal protection of the laws. Reconstruction provided the opportunity for African Americans to solidify their family ties and to create independent religious institutions, which became centres of community life that survived long after Reconstruction ended. Direct link to David Alexander's post Here's the wikipedia info, Posted 18 days ago. Nast, Thomas, Artist. eNotes Editorial, 23 Feb. 2021, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/in-what-ways-was-reconstruction-a-failure-395350. After attempting to remove Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, in violation of the new Tenure of Office Act, Johnson had been impeached by the House of Representatives in 1868. After 1867, an increasing number of southern whites turned to violence in response to the revolutionary changes of Radical Reconstruction. Andrew Johnson's reconstruction and how it works / Th. But this really did not happen. . Traveling through Illinois as a trial lawyer, Lincoln saw plentiful evidence of racial prejudice. 5 Questions About Reconstruction Answered. How do you suppose these vernacular stories might differ from writing typically done in Latin, the language of the Church? How Reconstruction Failed to Bring Equality to Freed Blacks After the Civil War, the government had changed from a republican rule to a democratic rule that had hatred towards the South because of conflicts that had arisen during the Civil War. after the 13th amendment "ending slavery" after slavery was still happening. It does not store any personal data. of US national identity, but if someone gave you box Direct link to BENDER's post According to the Freedman, Posted 2 years ago. Reconstruction witnessed far-reaching changes in Americas political life. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. what it means to be free. Why Was The Radical Republican Plan For Reconstruction Considered Radical. During the Reconstruction era that followed the American Civil War, the reunification of the nation and major gains in equality for African Americans progressed even as the population split in. At the national level, new laws and constitutional amendments permanently altered the federal system and the definition of American citizenship. In his last speech, on April 11, 1865, Lincoln, referring to Reconstruction in Louisiana, expressed the view that some Blacksthe very intelligent and those who had served in the Union armyought to enjoy the right to vote. Non-white immigrants weren't If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Interstate____ nearly ground to a halt due to a strike in the shipping industry. Why did reconstruction apparently fail so badly? What were the goals of Reconstructionfollowing the Civil War? So-called Black supremacy never existed, but the advent of African Americans in positions of political power marked a dramatic break with the countrys traditions and aroused bitter hostility from Reconstructions opponents. Reconstruction Comes to an End Reconstruction (1865-1877), the turbulent era following the Civil War, was the effort to reintegrate Southern states from the Confederacy and 4 million. The first extended the life of an agency Congress had created in 1865 to oversee the transition from slavery to freedom. From the beginning of Reconstruction, Black conventions and newspapers throughout the South had called for the extension of full civil and political rights to African Americans. Why was reconstruction a failure? Blacks hopes that the federal government would provide them with land had been raised by Gen. William T. Shermans Field Order No. Many of these codes defined anyone who wasn't under a labor Teachers agreed that if African Americans remain disadvantaged in Americas social, economic, and political life, it is because of Reconstructions failure. What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Radical Republicans' plan and Andrew Johnson's plan? But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. But they show an abandonment of principle in the south. So in just five years, African Americans in the South Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 10:49:29 PM. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Nast. They admitted difficulties in teaching Reconstruction, not only because textbooks often minimize the subject, but because it typically falls at the end of the US History, part I course taught in the eighth grade in many states. The second defined all persons born in the United States as national citizens, who were to enjoy equality before the law. k. patricians ratified in 1870, extended the right to vote to black men. Reconstruction explained in five questions and answers. The resistance and subsequent violent acts of Confederate loyalists placed many African-Americans and supporters of racial equality in danger. Southern corruption and instability, Reconstruction's critics argued, stemmed from the exclusion of the region's "best men"the plantersfrom power. It was put into operation in parts of the Union-occupied Confederacy, but none of the new governments achieved broad local support. Reconstructed ended when national attention turned away from the integration of former slaves as equal citizens enabling white Democrats to recapture southern politics. for civil rights activists to break down segregation. the United States faced during Reconstruction, the These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Identify each underlined word or word group by writing above it CN for common noun, PN for proper noun, or PA for proper adjective. To succeed, Reconstruction would have required southerners to give up not only prejudice but also their sense of entitlement to cheap black labor. Some worked for wages, others as sharecroppers, who divided the crop with the owner at the end of the year. This gave black farmers a lot more freedom over their own work, since they didn't have to After the 13th Amendment, most Their actions debunked one of the strongest myths underlying Southern devotion to the peculiar institutionthat many enslaved people were truly content in bondageand convinced Lincoln that emancipation had become a political and military necessity. They reported students confusion about the wars cause. What were the Reconstruction era promises? Comment ( 1 vote) Upvote Downvote Dewitt Clinton Professor of History, Columbia University. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), Andrew Johnson and Presidential Reconstruction, https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/reconstruction. It presents history without its context. As Northern Republicans became more conservative, Reconstruction came to symbolize a misguided attempt to uplift the lower classes of society. We strive for accuracy and fairness. In what ways did self-serving individuals hurt the Reconstruction effort? We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. "In what ways was Reconstruction a failure?" Write the correct word in the space next to each definition. Reconstruction was a project in the territories that had left the United States and fought a war against the United States: a war which their governments jointly and separately lost. What is the formula for calculating solute potential?
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What Were The 3 Major Issues Of Reconstruction? As the Civil War came to a close, southern states began to pass a series of discriminatory state laws collectively known as black codes.While the laws varied in both content and severity from state to statesome laws actually granted freed people the right to marry or testify in court these codes were designed to maintain the social and economic structure of racial slavery in the absence . Congress decided to begin Reconstruction anew. To a considerable extent, this was the consequence of the different levels of economic development displayed by the North and South. Reconstruction made strides in helping former slaves, but failed to resolve the issue of race, and full equality. The Reconstruction implemented by Congress, which lasted from 1866 to 1877, was aimed at reorganizing the Southern states after the Civil War, providing the means for readmitting them into the Union, and defining the means by which whites and blacks could live together in a nonslave society. government ceased to intervene to protect black citizens in Asian immigrants were considered citizens before or after the 14th amendment? Underline the adjective phrases in the following sentence. Paul, from Washington, objected that Lincoln did not really expect to win the black leaders agreement to a colonization plan. a. terrain, b. extraterrestrial, c. terrarium. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. led to short-lived revolutions in the concept of citizenship Okay, first let's look at to own their own bodies and labor, but that was about it. Here's the wikipedia information on it. Increasingly, the new Southern governments looked to Washington, D.C., for assistance. Congress refused to seat the representatives and senators elected from the Southern states and in early 1866 passed the Freedmens Bureau and Civil Rights Bills. Even the American-born You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The Compromise of 1876 marked the end of Reconstruction as a distinct period, but the struggle to deal with the revolution ushered in by slaverys eradication would continue in the South and elsewhere long after that date. Legal codes that deny African Americans the right to purchase/rent land. amendments would lay the foundation for the civil rights movement Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. When historians of the defeated Confederacy reframed the rebellion as a principled assertion of states rights, their arguments were treated respectfully. They also objected to Jones claim that Abraham Lincoln did not see black and white Americans as equals, either. Were these goals accomplished? As soon as Reconstruction ended and the Southern states were allowed to do what they wanted, they imposed segregation on blacks and did all sorts of things to prevent them from voting. Their students reflect a national amnesia that took root within a generation of the exhausting fratricidal conflict. While laws were put into place to give rights to the former slaves the southerner's did not agree with them or abide by them. Johnson offered a pardon to all Southern whites except Confederate leaders and wealthy planters (although most of these subsequently received individual pardons), restoring their political rights and all property except slaves. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Match edefinition with the correct lettered vocabulary term. The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 divided the South into five military districts and outlined how new governments, based on manhood suffrage without regard to race, were to be established. It holds that Reconstruction failed because it did little for average freed slaves. After declaring emancipation, Lincoln pushed the Thirteenth Amendment through Congress, permanently ending slavery throughout the nation. Only in the 20th century But the economic program spawned corruption and rising taxes, alienating increasing numbers of white voters. Segregation was a way to ensure that racial prejudice remained ingrained in the population. Perhaps, Jody and her colleagues concluded, theyshouldask students to read the essayand help them read it critically. In the years leading up to the Civil War, with few exceptions, only white Why did Reconstruction fail? The dream of 40 acres and a mule was stillborn. , 1866. As a result of Johnsons leniency, many southern states in 1865 and 1866 successfully enacted a series of laws known as the black codes, which were designed to restrict freed Black peoples activity and ensure their availability as a labor force. money from their own work. I see this essay (by Nicole Hannah-Jones) as one of the most dangerous things I could ever give my students to read, Jody finally exclaimed. What was the main difference between Presidential and Congressional Reconstruction? This was especially so after the cotton gin made cotton a highly profitable export crop. Serving an expanded citizenry, Reconstruction governments established the Souths first state-funded public school systems, sought to strengthen the bargaining power of plantation labourers, made taxation more equitable, and outlawed racial discrimination in public transportation and accommodations. Freedmen would get basic housing and a share of the crops they grew (1/3-1/2). power of the 14th and 15th Amendments. Describe the efforts of white southern "redeemers" to roll back the gains of Reconstruction. Not until the 1960s would African American voter registration once again reach But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Corruption began as a result of racial bigotry towards African Americans. The 1867 Reconstruction acts divided the South into 5 military districts each governed by a general. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). He asked teachers enrolled in the course what ideas about the war their students brought to history class. Direct link to David Alexander's post A grandfather clause exte, Posted 2 years ago. Why didnt they have olive gardens back then. They knew that Lincoln turned toward emancipation only after concluding that freeing the enslaved would weaken the secessionist cause, ending the war and restoring the union. Reconstruction was considered a failure, both North and South. Corruption began as a result of racial bigotry towards African Americans. didn't have much of an impact in the short term, these The most obvious reason that Reconstruction was a failure can be seen if you just think about the status of African Americans in the years after Reconstruction ended. could be citizens at all. So how much did the On the whole, this was probably inevitable, as the vast majority of white Southerners remained wedded to the old ways and believed that the Confederacy was a noble cause dedicated to the protection of states' rights. or relating to or advocating supremacy of a particular group.. It was also a failure because the people directing it were unwilling to infringe on the rights of states and individuals in fear of secession once more. It saw Reconstruction as a glorious failure. It portrays freed slaves and their white allies fighting the good fight against violence and racism in the South. Reconstruction encompassed three major initiatives: restoration of the Union, transformation of southern society, and enactment of progressive legislation favoring the rights of freed slaves. They required southern states to guarantee black suffrage and they disfranchised many former confederates. Two others not scheduled to teach that week picked up the remaining sessions. Two professors, team teaching other courses, temporarily left their colleagues in charge as they covered those sessions of the planned course onCivil War and Reconstructionthat matched their expertise. White supremacist organizations that committed terrorist acts, such as the Ku Klux Klan, targeted local Republican leaders for beatings or assassination. Teaching students to carefully assess the history of American slavery requires time and patienceat a time when state-mandated tests, AP curricula, and the march of time itself push many teachers to forgo depth for breadth. For decades, most Southern Blacks remained propertyless and poor. Reason why Reconstruction failed was because it emphasized political means and civil rights first, rather than attempting at all to improve the labor and economic conditions of blacks and their means of self determination ''Rights to be secure must in the last resort rest on stronger supports than constitutions, statutes or enrolled parchments'' Shortly thereafter, Congress approved the Fourteenth Amendment, which put the principle of birthright citizenship into the Constitution and forbade states to deprive any citizen of the equal protection of the laws. Reconstruction provided the opportunity for African Americans to solidify their family ties and to create independent religious institutions, which became centres of community life that survived long after Reconstruction ended. Direct link to David Alexander's post Here's the wikipedia info, Posted 18 days ago. Nast, Thomas, Artist. eNotes Editorial, 23 Feb. 2021, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/in-what-ways-was-reconstruction-a-failure-395350. After attempting to remove Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, in violation of the new Tenure of Office Act, Johnson had been impeached by the House of Representatives in 1868. After 1867, an increasing number of southern whites turned to violence in response to the revolutionary changes of Radical Reconstruction. Andrew Johnson's reconstruction and how it works / Th. But this really did not happen. . Traveling through Illinois as a trial lawyer, Lincoln saw plentiful evidence of racial prejudice. 5 Questions About Reconstruction Answered. How do you suppose these vernacular stories might differ from writing typically done in Latin, the language of the Church? How Reconstruction Failed to Bring Equality to Freed Blacks After the Civil War, the government had changed from a republican rule to a democratic rule that had hatred towards the South because of conflicts that had arisen during the Civil War. after the 13th amendment "ending slavery" after slavery was still happening. It does not store any personal data. of US national identity, but if someone gave you box Direct link to BENDER's post According to the Freedman, Posted 2 years ago. Reconstruction witnessed far-reaching changes in Americas political life. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. what it means to be free. Why Was The Radical Republican Plan For Reconstruction Considered Radical. During the Reconstruction era that followed the American Civil War, the reunification of the nation and major gains in equality for African Americans progressed even as the population split in. At the national level, new laws and constitutional amendments permanently altered the federal system and the definition of American citizenship. In his last speech, on April 11, 1865, Lincoln, referring to Reconstruction in Louisiana, expressed the view that some Blacksthe very intelligent and those who had served in the Union armyought to enjoy the right to vote. Non-white immigrants weren't If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Interstate____ nearly ground to a halt due to a strike in the shipping industry. Why did reconstruction apparently fail so badly? What were the goals of Reconstructionfollowing the Civil War? So-called Black supremacy never existed, but the advent of African Americans in positions of political power marked a dramatic break with the countrys traditions and aroused bitter hostility from Reconstructions opponents. Reconstruction Comes to an End Reconstruction (1865-1877), the turbulent era following the Civil War, was the effort to reintegrate Southern states from the Confederacy and 4 million. The first extended the life of an agency Congress had created in 1865 to oversee the transition from slavery to freedom. From the beginning of Reconstruction, Black conventions and newspapers throughout the South had called for the extension of full civil and political rights to African Americans. Why was reconstruction a failure? Blacks hopes that the federal government would provide them with land had been raised by Gen. William T. Shermans Field Order No. Many of these codes defined anyone who wasn't under a labor Teachers agreed that if African Americans remain disadvantaged in Americas social, economic, and political life, it is because of Reconstructions failure. What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Radical Republicans' plan and Andrew Johnson's plan? But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. But they show an abandonment of principle in the south. So in just five years, African Americans in the South Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 10:49:29 PM. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Nast. They admitted difficulties in teaching Reconstruction, not only because textbooks often minimize the subject, but because it typically falls at the end of the US History, part I course taught in the eighth grade in many states. The second defined all persons born in the United States as national citizens, who were to enjoy equality before the law. k. patricians ratified in 1870, extended the right to vote to black men. Reconstruction explained in five questions and answers. The resistance and subsequent violent acts of Confederate loyalists placed many African-Americans and supporters of racial equality in danger. Southern corruption and instability, Reconstruction's critics argued, stemmed from the exclusion of the region's "best men"the plantersfrom power. It was put into operation in parts of the Union-occupied Confederacy, but none of the new governments achieved broad local support. Reconstructed ended when national attention turned away from the integration of former slaves as equal citizens enabling white Democrats to recapture southern politics. for civil rights activists to break down segregation. the United States faced during Reconstruction, the These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Identify each underlined word or word group by writing above it CN for common noun, PN for proper noun, or PA for proper adjective. To succeed, Reconstruction would have required southerners to give up not only prejudice but also their sense of entitlement to cheap black labor. Some worked for wages, others as sharecroppers, who divided the crop with the owner at the end of the year. This gave black farmers a lot more freedom over their own work, since they didn't have to After the 13th Amendment, most Their actions debunked one of the strongest myths underlying Southern devotion to the peculiar institutionthat many enslaved people were truly content in bondageand convinced Lincoln that emancipation had become a political and military necessity. They reported students confusion about the wars cause. What were the Reconstruction era promises? Comment ( 1 vote) Upvote Downvote Dewitt Clinton Professor of History, Columbia University. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), Andrew Johnson and Presidential Reconstruction, https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/reconstruction. It presents history without its context. As Northern Republicans became more conservative, Reconstruction came to symbolize a misguided attempt to uplift the lower classes of society. We strive for accuracy and fairness. In what ways did self-serving individuals hurt the Reconstruction effort? We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. "In what ways was Reconstruction a failure?" Write the correct word in the space next to each definition. Reconstruction was a project in the territories that had left the United States and fought a war against the United States: a war which their governments jointly and separately lost. What is the formula for calculating solute potential? Ge Dishwasher Error Code Ftd,
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