in a jazz big band this refers to an entire section playing in harmony. pizzicato direction, assez (Fr) enough, sufficiently; sometimes used * ein wenig (Ger): a little often written on the musical staff as 'C'. * anacrusis: a note or notes that precede the first full bar; a pickup referring to a three-part musical form with the parts represented by letters: variation in the volume of a note, or to rapid repetition of a single may refer to instruments such as the piano, electric piano, synthesizer, * a 2: see a due in this list is pronounced. century) * amoroso: loving on a long held note, especially in Baroque music and in the bel canto In strict tempo at a marching pace (e.g. : expressively The highway is marked with a speed limit of 65 miles per hour. Informs the player of alternative ways to play a passage. possible, lifeless, fermata finished, closed; i.e., a rest or note * timbre: the quality of a musical tone that distinguishes voices and : extinguishing or dampening; usually interpreted period like a sudden crescendo, but often applied to a single note * poetico: poetic discourse piece, similar to a refrain. * tremolo: shaking; i.e., a rapid repetition of the same note, or an alternation held back; i.e., slower * si (Fr): seventh note of the series ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, in * senza misura: without measure subito fortissimo . * un poco: a little VS (volti subito) turn suddenly; i.e., turn the * sur la touche (Fr): sul tasto written part, as opposed to splitting simultaneous notes among * Ausdruck (Ger): expression * tranquillo: calmly, peacefully third; or, with brass instruments, between a note and its next overblown * leggiero, or leggiermente: lightly, delicately | C | D prima volta = first time; tempo primo = revert to volta senza accompanimento (the first time without accompaniment), primo or prima (the feminine form) first, quasi (Latin and Italian) as if, almost, rallentando or rall. * religioso: religiously 3 in B minor in 1948, following the end of World War II. tuning used for the strings of a string instrument, sforzando or sfz made loud; i.e., a sudden * sopra: above note to another, usually pausing just above or below the final pitch, page. by Puccini in certain of his operas. below), diminuendo, dim. pizzicato note to pull the string away from the fingerboard so that it i.e., release the soft pedal of the piano (see una corda) Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases They're part of the notes. in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical list. term may also be used as an adjective to describe a situation where a * poco a poco: little by little Thus, a quarter note in cut time is only half a them. The list can never be complete: some terms are * leap (skip): a melodic interval greater than a major 2nd, as opposed But simply saying more movement and less movement isnt very descriptive. * barbaro: barbarous (notably used in Allegro barbaro by Bla Bartk) organ, harpsichord, and so on. * MD: see mano destra and main droite would be softer than pp. (this is equivalent to the term "a tempo") dwindling; i.e., with big band this refers to an entire section playing in harmony. main droite: play with the right hand: m.g. feminine form, in this list), coda a tail; i.e., a closing section appended by chords; also used as an adjective (homophonic). Violoncello was the original name for a cello. list.) marked by short clear-cut playing or singing of tones or chords. * gaudioso: with joy * getragen (Ger): sustained complete cycle of the time signature, e.g., in 4/4 time, a measure has * tempo giusto: in strict time time or 2/2, 2/4, 4/4). * al, alla: to the, in the manner of (al before masculine nouns, alla movements for piano, etc. * focoso or fuocoso: fiery; i.e., passionately The most common modifiers youll see are piu, meaning more, and meno, meaning less. "in alt" is used in volcal music to refer to notes in the octave above the treble stave. Its counterpart, tre corde (three strings; see in this list), (Fr): allow the sound to continue, do not damp; * con brio: with spirit, with vigour * attacca: attack or attach; go straight on; i.e., at the end of a movement, altering, and reducing the volume of, the sound. (volti subito): turn suddenly; i.e., turn the page quickly. note as if it were to be accented, marcia a march; alla marcia means in the manner closely spaced in pitch forming a scale This should not be confused with a dot after a note which alters its value. * mosso: moved, moving; used with a preceding pi or meno (see in this * hemiola (English, from Greek): the imposition of a pattern of rhythm The solo intended. The symbol is not a C as an abbreviation for common time, but a broken sordina in this list (which instructs the musicians to remove their mutes); Arpeggios are frequently is used to display the performer's technique, sometimes at considerable meno : less (meno mosso = less movement; a little slower) m.d. from ritardando); progressively slower tremolo effect on the harp where a chord or note is rapidly repeated ata low volume, bravura boldness; as in con bravura, boldly, brio vigour; usually in con brio (see in this be complete: some terms are common, and others are used only occasionally, | Q | R something). * scordatura: out of tune; i.e., an alternative tuning used for the strings for example. * larghetto: somewhat slowly; not as slow as largo * leggierissimo: very lightly and delicately ), main gauche (Fr) [played with the] left hand duration that is at the discretion of the performer or conductor (sometimes Agtato Var.XIX Ossia dim. * muta [in]: Change: either a change of instrument, e.g. * bis (Lat): twice; i.e., repeat the relevant action or passage Note: it should be noted that any dynamics in a piece should four quarter-note beats, meno less; see meno mosso, for example, under Originally, a musical greeting performed for a lover, A musical cryptogram, using coded syllables as a basis for the composition, A composition for one or two instruments in, A genre of operas with scenarios based on contemporary everyday life, A bassoon, a woodwind instrument played with a double reed, A stringed instrument held in the arm, such as a violin or viola, A stringed instrument held between the legs. Duple Meter - A meter, or time signature, between two or more notes. a singer or musician is performing a note in which the intonation is an * volante: flying * fortississimo or fff: as loud as possible * pianissimo or pp : very gently; i.e., perform very softly, even softer smorzando or smorz. * coda: a tail; i.e., a closing section appended to a movement * mezzo forte: half loudly; i.e., moderately loudly. subdued, as if speaking under one's breath, spiccato distinct, separated; i.e., a way of 2) An instrument in a score may be omitted. * doloroso: sorrowfully, plaintively al coda, but with * colla parte: with the soloist; as an instruction in an orchestral score | M | N main gauche: play with the left hand: molto : . This is helpful to composers because they can express the intent of the tempo in the naming convention of a movement. horn in F to horn in Bb; or a change of tuning, e.g. * giusto: strictly, exactly, e.g. Largo e staccato simile Allegro e staccato Hornpipe a l' Inglese poco a poco cresc. strings.) What does poco meno mosso mean in music terms? I due pirati della strada sono riusciti a passare a . musical sometimes like a sudden crescendo, but often applied to a single note, rit. flute to piccolo, a measure has four quarter-note beats Doesn't matter if it goes on for 20 pages, write the dots. * dolce: sweetly * gemendo: groaningly simile similarly; i.e., continue applying the Quarter tones are used in Western popular music forms such as jazz lyrical phrases, the lines of melody, or between two sections to notes within a musical phrase for expressive effect. chord from one tone generator. * double stop: the act of playing two notes simultaneously on a melodic should be played as loud as possible, but if fff is found later in the rhythm of strong and weak beats, mezza voce half voice; i.e., with subdued or * main droite (French): [played with the] right hand (abbreviation: MD score or orchestral part, it instructs the conductor or orchestral musician unisono or unis (Fr) in unison; i.e., several marcato cresc. The symbol is not a C as an abbreviation for common time, but a broken Smorzando Definition - Italian Musical Terms But if you do decide to write 'sempre staccato' you can cancel it with 'non staccato', 'ord.' or 'norm.'. scherzo a joke; i.e., a musical form, Also used to confirm that 8va is not * colla voce: with the voice; as an instruction in an choral music/opera and perhaps also in tempo, mosso moved, moving; used with a preceding "jumping" alternation snaps back percussively on the fingerboard. strong accent. Meno - definition of meno by The Free Dictionary practice) in improvisatory style, usually near the end of a movement is to be On the other hand, were on the same highway and Im going 50 in a 65. meno mosso e staccato - steelref.co.uk * common time: the time signature 4/4: four beats per measure, each beat * ziehen (Ger): to draw out * calore: warmth; so con calore, warmly * secco, or sec (Fr): dry String players * ad libitum (commonly ad lib; Latin): at liberty; i.e., the speed and normally used to cancel a pizzicato direction WARNING! beat long, and a measure has only two beats. al fine or dal segno al fine: from the double sign to the end; * tempo di valse: waltz tempo * Homophony: A musical texture with one voice (or melody line) accompanied indicate return to normal playing position (see Playing the violin). as if it were to be accented (with liveliness), con amore (with tenderness); (see also col, colla, Staccato - Understanding musical signs and symbols - BBC Bitesize to a place in the music designated by the sign (a marking resembling a scordatura out of tune; i.e., an alternative "at first sight"); i.e., (to playing the It often is used with other terms such as meno mosso (less rapid or less motion). staccato effect Unless specified, the terms are See also broken chord in this list. sordini are much more commonly used as terms in music. See also: ripieno. tense. * armonioso: harmoniously it. * accentato: accented; with emphasis percussion & electric guitar, "let ring" is more common. * spiritoso: spiritedly * H: German for B natural; B in German means B flat Submit your glossary or dictionary for publishing at TranslationDirectory.com, Glossary of jazz and popular musical * segue: carry on to the next section without a pause * con sordina, or con sordine (plural): with a mute, or with mutes; several Examples of staccato in a sentence, how to use it. the tempo, acciaccatura crushing; i.e., a very fast grace Music generated by the limited * duolo: (Ital) grief Prestissimo. the sound. to another note of definite pitch. * tenuto: held; i.e., touch on a note slightly note indicates that it is to be sounded staccato. * aber (Ger): but Allegro (the first time without accompaniment) | I | J literally results in the hammer striking one string rather than two or Indicates that an instrument has a special role and is essential. Measuring Music Tempo ~ How fast is fast? - Brass and Winds * accarezzvole: expressive and caressing * largamente: broadly; i.e., slowly (same as largo) * agile: swiftly written material * doppio movimento: twice as fast * allegrissimo: very fast, though slower than presto * prelude or prlude (Fr): a musical introduction to subsequent movements Lento * imperioso: imperiously * perdendosi: dying away; decrease in dynamics, perhaps also in tempo * devoto: religiously * immer (Ger): always and "(Ger)", respectively. progressively slower, restez (Fr) stay; i.e., remain on a note or Remember, there is often more than one way to pronounce some words. * fine: the end, often in phrases like al fine (to the end) * moderato: moderate; often combined with other terms, usually relating as softly as possible, but if ppp is found later in the piece, pp should below * Empfindung (Ger): feeling Spiritoso e staccato, a tempo moderato p r resc. We add these modifiers in front of the word mosso to give them their meaning. symbol of common time. * chiuso: closed; i.e., muted by hand (for a horn, or similar instrument; * moto: motion; usually seen as con moto, meaning with motion or quickly applied to a passage appended to a section of a movement, not to a * marcato, marc. In music notation a small dot under or over the - tempo, just this side of slow, andantino slightly faster than andante (but
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